“Super 30”
(2 Marks)
Volume I
Political science
Class 12th
Prepared by: Gurdeep Singh (Ex-Air
Force, MBA, PhD (purs
uing)
1. Why American involvement in South Asia has rapidly increased after the
cold war?
Ans:
I. Economic reforms and liberal economic policy in South Asia region
specially in India and Pakistan have greatly increased the participation
of America in the region.
II. The large South Asian diaspora in the US and the huge size of the
population and market of the region also give America an added stake
in the future of regional security and peace.
2. Write the full form of UNICEF and state any two functions of it.
Ans:
UNICEF: The United Nation International children’s emergency fund.
I. It was stablished in 1946.
II. To collect emergency fund for children and to help in their
developmental work all across the world.
III. To help and encourage the works that promote children help and
better life in all part of world.
3. Highlight any four steps taken by Indira Gandhi to remove poverty.
Ans:
I. Nationalisation of bank.
II. Abolition of privy purse
III. Nationalisation of general insurance.
IV. Ceiling on urban property.
V. Land Reform.
VI. Public distribution of food grains.
4. Highlight any two negative effect of globalisation.
Ans:I. Removal of protection of some of the government assisted
industries.
II. Globalization have resulted in the monopoly of developed country.
III. Globalisation is also reason for depletion of flora and fauna in
country.
IV. Globalization has widened income disparity by making the rich
more richer and poor more poorer.
5. Highlight any two important features of the ASEAN way.
Ans:
ASEAN way is a form of interaction that is
I. Informal.
II. Non confrontational.
III. And cooperative.
IV. It respect the national sovereignty of member Nations.
6. What will happen if the regions are not given their due share in decision
making at the national level.
Ans:
1) If the regions are not given the due share in the decision
making at the national level, there will be tension and conflict
between the regions and union government.
2) This situation may lead to the sessionist movements.
3) This situation may also lead to the civil war.
4) which may result in collapse of political and electoral process
of country.
7. Enlist the features of Indo -Bhutan relationship.
Ans:
I. India does not have any major conflict with Bhutanese government.
II. The effort made by Bhutan's monarchy to weed out the guerrillas
and militants from North eastern India that.
III. India is involved in Big hydroelectric projects in Bhutan and remain
the Himalayan Kingdom’s biggest source of development aid.8. State any two differences between the first five years plan and second five
years plan.
Ans:
I.
1) First five year plan stressed on agricultural development,.
2) where as the second five years plan stressed on heavy
industries.
II.
a) The first five year plan had emphasized on patience .
b) and second five years plan wanted to bring about quick
structural transformation.
9. Justify with the help of any two examples that technology gives a boost
to globalisation.
Ans:
I. The technological invention such as telegraph, telephone and
microchip has revolutionised communication across the world.
II. The invention of printing laid the basis for emergence of nationalism.
Cc
III. Technological advancement has reduced the physical distance and
increased interconnectedness world wide.
IV. The transfer of capital, goods and services is likely to be wider and
quicker.
V. The sharing of ideas, capital, commodities and people throughout
the globe has been made possible only by technological
advancement.
10.What problems did the election commission confront while holding the
first elections in the country?
Ans:
I. Holding election required delimitation or drawing the boundaries of
the electoral constituencies and this task took a long time.
II. When the first draft of the electoral roll was published, name of nearly
40 Lakh women’s were not recorded in the list.III. Therefore 17 crore eligible voters who had to elect about 3200 MLAs
and 489 members of Lok Sabha.
IV. Only 15% of these eligible voters were literate.
11.Suggest any two steps to be taken by the government to check pollution
and save environment.
Ans:
I. Clean production .
II. pollution prevention.
III. Ecosystem management.
12.Describe any two flows related to the globalisation.
Ans:
I. Trade flow: It take place to satisfy material demand ranging from raw
material to finished goods.
II. Information flow: it is important for communication and power
exchange and symbolic.
III. Capital flow.
IV. Flow of Idea.
V. Flow of technology
13.Mention any two effects on the east European countries that the Soviet
army had liberated from the fascist force is after the second world war.
Ans: The impact that the Soviet union had on the east European countries
were.
I. They came under the control of USSR.
II. The political and economic system of all these countries were
modeled after that of the USSR. This was known as the socialist
block.
III. The Warsaw Pact (1955) a military alliance, hold them together
under the leadership of USSR.
14.Which countries have control over Antarctica.
Ans:UK, Chile, Argentina, Norway, France, Australia and New Zealand have
control over Antarctica.
15.Mention any four components of traditional security
Ans:
I. Difference
II. Defence
III. Balance of power
IV. Alliance building
16. States have become more powerful as a result of globalisation support
the statement.
Ans:
I. Politically through interdependent and independent of a state.
II. Socially throw the problems and thread of terrorism and deadly
disease.
III. Technology through the media and internet.
IV. Economically through the change from National to global economies.
17.Highlight any two new sources of threats being faced by the third world
countries.
Ans:
I. Terrorism: terrorism refers to political violence that target civilians
deliberately and indiscriminately.
II. Environmental degradation, global warming
III. Health epidemic: like HIV -AIDS, bird flu swine Flu, SARS
(severe acute respiratory syndrome) etc.
IV. These disease can rapidly spread across the world countries through
migration, tourism etc.
18.Which for common symbols make the European union look like a nation
state.
Ans:I. The European union has its own Flag, anthem, founding date and
currency, all these makes the European union look like a nation
state.
19.After the collapse of communism in the Soviet union, why was the process
of transition called painful one.
Ans:
I. The value of ruble declined dramatically and the inflation rate was
so high that people lost their savings.
II. The Russian old system of social welfare was systematically
destroyed.
III. And the withdrawal of government subsidies pushed large section of
the people into poverty.
20.How was reorganisation of North East India completed and by when?
Ans:
1) The reorganisation of North East India was completed by 1970’s
2) In 1972 Meghalaya was curved out of Assam.
3) Meghalaya and Tripura became separate state in the same year
21.Explain the differences between refugee and migrants.
Ans:
Migrant:
I. Are those people who voluntarily leave their home, countries for
some or other purposes, to seek batter life.
II. They can plan their travel, take their belongings with them and are
free to return home at anytime
Refugees:
I. are those people who are forced to leave their home and move across
borders.
II. They usually go through immense suffering.
22.Suggest any two measures to improve Indo- PaK ties in the current scenario.
Ans:
I. Social activist and prominent personalities can collaborate to create
an atmosphere of friendship.
II. Leaders should meet t at summits to create better understanding.
III. Pakistan must stop helping the terrorism.IV. Cultural delegate from both the countries must visit each other
country frequently.
V. Cricket diplomacy should be start immediately.
VI. Bus and train diplomacy should be used.
23.Explain the term capitalism.
Ans:
I. The economy is not controlled by the government.
II. It is based on privatization.
III. It is based on free market forces.
24.Identify any two fields in which the Soviet union left behind the west.
Ans:
I. Technology.
II. Full filling the aspiration of citizens.
25.What does the logo on the ASEAN flag symbolise.
Ans:
I. On the ASEAN logo the 10 stalks of paddy (rice) represent 10 South
East Asian countries bound together in friendship and solidarity.
II. The circle symbolises the unity of ASEAN.
26.Highlight the main reason that led to the emergence of the idea of
Global security.
Ans:
I. The idea of Global security emerged in the 1990s in response to the
Global nature of threats such as global warming, International
terrorism and health hazards like AIDS, bird flu, swine Flu,
environmental degradation.
II. No country can resolve the problems alone.
III. In these Global problems International cooperation is vital.
IV. Although it is difficult to achieve.
27.What were the two main consequences of Indo- Pakistan conflict of 1971.
Ans:
I. Eastern command of Pakistan military collapsed and East Pakistan
was recognized as Bangladesh.II. Near 95000 Pakistani troops surrendered to the Indian forces
making the largest surrender in the world after second World war.
28.Highlight anyone democratic value which the bureaucratic and
authoritarian Soviet system lacked.
Ans:
I. The Soviet system became extremely bureaucratic and
authoritarian making life very difficult for its citizens.
II. There was a lack of freedom of speech and expression.
III. Russia also dominated over the people from other regions who felt
neglected and suppressed.
29.Why did the Janata party government appoint a commission of inquiry
headed by justice JC Shah in May 1977?
Ans:
I. The commission headed by justice JC Shah was appointed in may
1977 to investigate the case of abuse of authority, malpractice, and
amendments made during the state of National emergency by the
Congress government led by the Indira Gandhi.
30.Highlight any two issues that dominate the politics of North East India.
Ans:
I. Demand for autonomy
II. Movements for secession.
III. And opposition to outsider.
IV. Cultural preservation