ANSWERS VBT COORDINATION COMPOUNDS

 

Here are the answers to the Valence Bond Theory (VBT) fill-in-the-blanks for the Coordination Compounds chapter:

Topic	Answers
1. Central Metal Ion	According to VBT, the central metal ion in a coordination compound undergoes hybridization to form hybrid orbitals.
2. Hybridization	The hybridization of central metal in [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ is d²sp³, leading to an octahedral geometry.
3. Inner Orbital Complex	Complexes where the central metal ion uses its inner d-orbitals for hybridization are called inner orbital complexes.
4. Outer Orbital Complex	Complexes where the central metal ion uses its outer d-orbitals for hybridization are called outer orbital complexes.
5. Diamagnetism	Complexes in which all electrons are paired exhibit diamagnetic behavior.
6. Paramagnetism	Complexes with unpaired electrons exhibit paramagnetic behavior.
7. Low Spin Complex	Low spin complexes are formed in the presence of strong field ligands, which cause maximum pairing of electrons.
8. High Spin Complex	High spin complexes are formed in the presence of weak field ligands, resulting in minimum pairing of electrons.
9. Example of sp³ Hybridization	An example of a complex with sp³ hybridization is [Ni(CO)₄], which has a tetrahedral geometry.
10. Example of d²sp³ Hybridization	The complex [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ exhibits d²sp³ hybridization and has an octahedral geometry.
11. Magnetic Properties	The magnetic properties of a coordination compound depend on the number of unpaired electrons in the d-orbitals of the central metal ion.
12. Geometry of [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻	The geometry of the [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ complex is square planar, which is explained by dsp² hybridization.
13. Hybrid Orbitals in Octahedral Complexes	In an octahedral complex, the central metal ion undergoes d²sp³ hybridization, involving one s, three p, and two d orbitals.
14. Valence Bond Theory Assumption	VBT assumes that the bonding in coordination compounds is due to the overlap of hybrid orbitals of the central metal ion with those of the ligands.
15. Limitations of VBT	VBT fails to explain the color of coordination compounds and does not provide a detailed explanation of their magnetic behavior.

These answers highlight the key concepts related to Valence Bond Theory (VBT) for understanding coordination compounds in Class 12 chemistry.