Answers
Q1.
IUPAC name of CH₃–CH(Cl)–CH₂–Br
π 1-bromo-2-chloropropane
Q2.
Structure of 2-bromo-3-methylbutane:
π CH₃–CH(Br)–CH(CH₃)–CH₃
Q3.
Preparation of chloroethane from ethanol:
π C₂H₅OH + HCl → C₂H₅Cl + H₂O
(Usually in presence of ZnCl₂ – Lucas reagent)
Q4.
Reaction of methane with chlorine:
π CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl (in presence of sunlight/UV light)
π Type of reaction: Free radical substitution
Q5.
Difference between SN1 and SN2:
| SN1 | SN2 |
|---|---|
| Two-step mechanism | One-step mechanism |
| Forms carbocation intermediate | No intermediate |
| Rate depends on substrate only | Rate depends on substrate + nucleophile |
| Favoured by tertiary alkyl halides | Favoured by primary alkyl halides |
Q6.
π tert-butyl chloride reacts faster in SN1 reaction
Reason: It forms a more stable tertiary carbocation
Q7.
Haloarenes do not undergo nucleophilic substitution easily because:
π C–X bond has partial double bond character due to resonance
π Bond is shorter and stronger
π Difficult to break
Q8.
Chlorobenzene + NaOH (high T & P):
π Forms phenol
Reaction:
C₆H₅Cl + NaOH → C₆H₅OH + NaCl
(Occurs at ~623 K and 300 atm)
Q9.
Increasing order of boiling point:
π CH₃Cl < CH₃Br < CH₃I
Q10.
Uses of DDT:
π Used as insecticide (mosquito control)
π Used in agriculture to kill pests
Harmful effect:
π Non-biodegradable, causes environmental pollution and biomagnification
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