Focusing on Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids from the Class 12 CBSE NCERT Chemistry textbook, here are some of the most frequently asked questions:
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IUPAC Nomenclature: Provide the IUPAC names for the following compounds:
- CH₃CO(CH₂)₄CH₃
- CH₃CH₂COCH(C₂H₅)CH₂CH₂Cl
- CH₃CH=CHCHO
- CH₃COCH₂COCH₃
- 4-Chloropentan-2-one
- 3-Bromo-4-phenylpentanoic acid
- p,p’-Dihydroxybenzophenone
- Hex-2-en-4-ynoic acid
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Functional Group Identification: Identify the functional groups present in the following compounds:
- CH₃CH₂CHO
- C₆H₅COOH
- CH₃COCH₃
- C₆H₅CHO
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Distinguishing Tests: How would you distinguish between:
- Acetaldehyde and Acetone
- Formic acid and Acetic acid
- Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
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Preparation Methods: Describe the preparation of:
- Acetaldehyde from ethanol
- Acetone from isopropyl alcohol
- Benzoic acid from toluene
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Reactivity and Mechanisms: Explain the mechanism of:
- Aldol condensation
- Cannizzaro reaction
- Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols
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Physical Properties: Discuss the physical properties of aldehydes and ketones, including boiling points, solubility, and reactivity.
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Electrophilic Substitution Reactions: Explain the electrophilic substitution reactions of benzaldehyde and acetophenone.
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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Discuss the preparation and reactions of acid chlorides, esters, and amides.
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Environmental Impact: Discuss the environmental effects of carboxylic acids, such as their role in acid rain.
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Applications: Provide two examples of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids used in industry and describe their applications.
For detailed solutions and additional practice, you may refer to the following resources
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids: Important Questions
Consistent practice and a thorough understanding of these topics will aid in mastering the Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids chapter effectively.
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