thermodynamics-based questions:

Here are 10 more thermodynamics-based questions:

1. When a gas is compressed in a cylinder, 500 J of work is done on the gas, and 200 J of heat is lost to the surroundings. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?
   a) 300 J
   b) 700 J
   c) -300 J
   d) -700 J

2. The standard enthalpy change for the combustion of methane is -890 kJ/mol. What does this indicate?
   a) The reaction is endothermic
   b) 890 kJ of heat is absorbed
   c) The reaction is exothermic
   d) The products have higher enthalpy than the reactants

3. Which of the following is a state function?
   a) Work
   b) Heat
   c) Enthalpy
   d) Distance traveled

4. A reaction has ΔH = -200 kJ and ΔS = -50 J/K. Under what temperature condition will the reaction be spontaneous?
   a) At all temperatures
   b) At low temperatures
   c) At high temperatures
   d) The reaction is never spontaneous

5. The heat of fusion of ice is 6.02 kJ/mol. Which equation correctly represents this process?
   a) H₂O(s) → H₂O(l) + 6.02 kJ
   b) H₂O(l) → H₂O(s) + 6.02 kJ
   c) H₂O(g) → H₂O(l) + 6.02 kJ
   d) H₂O(s) → H₂O(g) + 6.02 kJ

6. Which of the following conditions represents the first law of thermodynamics?
   a) ΔU = q + w
   b) q = w
   c) ΔH = ΔS - T
   d) ΔS = q/T

7. Which of the following phase transitions is exothermic?
   a) Evaporation
   b) Melting
   c) Condensation
   d) Sublimation

8. A metal with a high specific heat capacity will:
   a) Heat up quickly and cool down quickly
   b) Heat up slowly and cool down slowly
   c) Absorb less heat for a given temperature change
   d) Always be a good conductor of heat

9. The enthalpy change for an endothermic reaction is:
   a) Always negative
   b) Always positive
   c) Zero
   d) Either positive or negative

10. When 100 g of water at 90°C is mixed with 100 g of water at 10°C, the final temperature of the mixture will be:
    a) 10°C
    b) 50°C
    c) 90°C
    d) 100°C