Here are Class 10 CBSE Notes on Oxidation and Reduction from the chapter Chemical Reactions and Equations:
Oxidation and Reduction – Class 10 Notes
1. What is Oxidation?
Oxidation is a chemical reaction in which a substance:
- Gains oxygen, or
- Loses hydrogen
Examples:
- (Carbon is oxidized)
- (Hydrogen is removed from H₂S)
2. What is Reduction?
Reduction is a chemical reaction in which a substance:
- Loses oxygen, or
- Gains hydrogen
Examples:
- (Copper oxide is reduced to copper)
- (Chlorine gains hydrogen)
3. Redox Reaction
A Redox Reaction is a reaction in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.
Example:
Zn + CuSO_4 \rightarrow ZnSO_4 + Cu
- Cu²⁺ is reduced (gains electrons)
4. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
- Oxidizing Agent: The substance which causes oxidation (and gets reduced itself).
- Reducing Agent: The substance which causes reduction (and gets oxidized itself).
Example: In the reaction:
CuO + H_2 \rightarrow Cu + H_2O
- H₂ is the reducing agent
5. Effects of Oxidation in Everyday Life
- Rancidity: Oxidation of oils and fats in food, causing bad smell and taste.
- Prevention: Use of antioxidants, airtight packaging.
- Corrosion: Oxidation of metals like iron forming rust.
- Prevention: Painting, oiling, galvanization, etc.
Key Points to Remember:
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