five more important and trending conversions for Class 12 Chemistry Board Exam (CBSE & other state boards):

 

Here are five more important and trending conversions for Class 12 Chemistry Board Exam (CBSE & other state boards):

1. Phenol to Salicylic Acid (Kolbe’s Reaction)

Reaction Steps:

• Phenol → Sodium Phenoxide: Treat phenol with NaOH.
• Sodium Phenoxide → Salicylic Acid: React with CO₂ at 400K and 4-7 atm, followed by acidification.

2. Benzyl Alcohol to Benzoic Acid

Reaction Steps:

• Benzyl Alcohol → Benzoic Acid: Oxidation using alkaline KMnO₄ or acidic K₂Cr₂O₇.

3. Ethyl Bromide to Butane

Reaction Steps:

• Ethyl Bromide → Ethane: Wurtz reaction using Na + dry ether.
• Ethane → Butane: Further Wurtz reaction with ethyl bromide.

4. Acetylene to Acetic Acid

Reaction Steps:

• Acetylene → Acetaldehyde: Hydration using dilute H₂SO₄ and Hg²⁺ catalyst.
• Acetaldehyde → Acetic Acid: Oxidation with K₂Cr₂O₇ + H₂SO₄.

5. Nitrobenzene to Aniline

Reaction Steps:

• Nitrobenzene → Aniline: Reduction using Sn + HCl or Fe + HCl, followed by NaOH.

These conversions are highly exam-relevant and often appear in board exams, JEE, and NEET. Let me know if you need mechanisms or explanations!