most important and trending conversions for Class 12 Chemistry Board Exam (C

 

Here are the 5 most important and trending conversions for Class 12 Chemistry Board Exam (CBSE & other state boards):

1. Aniline to Phenol

Reaction Steps:

• Aniline → Diazonium Salt: Treat aniline with NaNO₂ + HCl at 0-5°C to form benzene diazonium chloride.
• Diazonium Salt → Phenol: Hydrolyze with hot water to get phenol.

2. Ethanol to Ethanoic Acid

Reaction Steps:

• Ethanol → Acetaldehyde: Oxidation with PCC or Cu at 573 K.
• Acetaldehyde → Ethanoic Acid: Further oxidation using K₂Cr₂O₇ + H₂SO₄.

3. Benzene to p-Nitroaniline

Reaction Steps:

• Benzene → Nitrobenzene: Nitration using conc. HNO₃ + conc. H₂SO₄.
• Nitrobenzene → p-Aminobenzene (p-Nitroaniline): Reduction with Sn + HCl or Fe + HCl followed by NaOH.

4. Propanone to Propene

Reaction Steps:

• Propanone → Propan-2-ol: Reduction using LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄.
• Propan-2-ol → Propene: Dehydration using conc. H₂SO₄ or Al₂O₃ at 623 K.

5. Toluene to Benzoic Acid

Reaction Steps:

• Toluene → Benzoic Acid: Oxidation using alkaline KMnO₄ or acidic K₂Cr₂O₇.

These conversions are frequently asked in board exams, competitive exams (JEE, NEET), and viva questions. Let me know if you need more detailed mechanisms!